City July 2, 2009 11:35 AM

Theological Thursdays: Eschatology and Sprawl

Theological Thursdays: Eschatology and Sprawl
Eschatology, the study of last things, is WAY too complicated to explain in a single blog post, especially since there is quite a bit that would likely seem crazy to the un-initiated.  Actually, I'm part of the initiated, and there is a lot of it that seems crazy to me.

So why should we study eschatology? Why not just avoid this difficult subject altogether?  Because what you think about the future, especially the ultimate future, effects how you act in the present.

In today's gross over-simplification, I will divide eschatology into two schools of thought, though there are way more.  Wikipedia can give you a good primer on eschatology in general (notice the sidebar on the right of the Wikipedia page, where you can see more detail on the beliefs of different faiths).

The most common eschatology in our country is what I would call an "escapist" eschatology.  In this understanding (which is behind the "Left Behind" books and movies), good people are removed to another place, while conflict remains on earth.

While escapist eschatology does not always follow the plot line of Left Behind, it does often talk about "going to heaven," and "the end of the world."

What does this have to do with sprawl?  Quite simply, if you believe in a God that ultimately saves you by leaving (or destroying) everybody else, you are more likely yourself to handle the problems of the city by simply re-locating.  And if those problems come to your new home, you leave again. 

Of course, not everybody sees the world this way.  And though much of popular Christianity has become focused on an other worldly heaven, Jesus spoke very little about heaven.  Instead, he talked about the Kingdom of God, and taught his followers to pray, "thy Kingdom come,"

I would call the opposite of escapist eschatology "renewal" eschatology.  In renewal eschatology God does not throw out or destroy the creation, but enters it and restores it.  If there is an "end of the world," it is really the "beginning of a new world."

If you plan on escaping to heaven, everything on earth becomes less important.  Earthly life becomes cheap in comparison to eternal life, and there is certainly no need to care for an earth that you believe is going to get burned up.  This is what makes "Escapist eschatology," in my opinion, dangerous.

"Renewal eschatology," on the other hand,  encourages work for good in the here and now with the promise that our efforts, if they are just, can and will be completed by God.  You can pick up litter, or fix up an abandoned house, because in renewing a street, you are participating in the work of God, who is renewing the world.

Buffalo has been hurt by bad theology, but good theology can lead to its renewal.

What do you think happens--ultimately?  How does it effect your life--presently?
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Maybe my initial decision to become a part of the solution and move into the city was incited by a subconscious belief in the "renewal eschatology" that had been ingrained throughout my upbringing.


The best decision I ever made was to move into the city. What I thought I understood before I get completely now that I'm here.

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My decision to stay in my neighborhood was in part due to my deep roots as my family has been here for 5 generations. When I saw a demolition notice posted on a old Federal Style house I became concerned that we would lose another historic structure and began an effort to save it. 20 years later it is still undergoing restoration but I have no regrets. I have many great neighbors and we all work together to hold on to our little piece of the city. Our neighborhood has its share of problems but there is a sense of community and shared purpose.
It is the chance to make a difference that brings satisfaction and a sense of accomplishment.

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BRL, was that you I met a couple weekends ago during the Amherst St. parade--? There was a guy standing on the corner where your house is, with some others, and when I introduced myself as RaChaCha and asked if he was BlackRockLifer he said "yes" but didn't seem to know what I was talking about.

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'What do you think happens--ultimately? How does it effect your life--presently?'


I don't know what happens upon death or what will happen when the world ends and I cast a disgruntled eye upon those that embrace the 'Left Behind' nonsense or the Book of Revelation as true explanations. As someone who doesn't believe in a personal god, but acknowledges the possibility of a god on the sidelines, I look at death and the end of the world as a simple collapse. If there is anything beyond death, it would be an interesting new adventure and I would be grateful. In the meantime, while I see death as an end, it makes me see daily life as a bounty or harvest and I hunt for someone or something to appreciate every day while I'm here.

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The idea of eschatology -- and even the word itself -- seems esoteric, mysterious, and very removed from everyday life. What I love about your article, Rev. Drew, is how you show that the views of a person -- or even a whole community or denomination -- on this really affect their life decisions. It's an area where the rubber meets the road, so to speak.


I know many whose views of the end times are strongly escapist, and they fled cities as something evil to be avoided (or just visited for the occasional in-and-out volunteer project). What a strong contrast to the folks of Westside Ministries (here: http://www.westsideministries.org/ ), whom you've written about. I don't know firsthand where they stand on doctrine, but their mission statement sounds almost like your definition of "renewal."


Coming from a religious background, I can attest that Eschatology has been frequently used as a tool for frightening the young and simple-minded. But perhaps most frightening of all, I believe the "escapist" version played a major role in many Bush administration policies and actions.

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RaChaCha- no that was my neighbor, I was out of town.

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This could have been said by a non-theist like me:


"If you plan on escaping to heaven, everything on earth becomes less important. Earthly life becomes cheap in comparison to eternal life, and there is certainly no need to care for an earth that you believe is going to get burned up."

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I think Rev. Drew is talking about s peculiarly American strain of eschatology.

Wouldn't it make sense that a nation founded by immigrants, people who were often escaping persecution, famine, or war, would embrace an eschatology based on moving away at the sign of problems? It saved their lives the first time, after all.

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It's not just Americans. I mean, who can blame the Ancient Israelites for fleeing slavery for the promised land?

There is a promise of escape that is present in Christianity and many other fates, but there is (or at least should be) a value to the here and now (and sometimes we forget that)

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